How much do cattle contribute to climate change?

CitationBeauchemin, K. A., Ungerfeld, E. M., Eckard, R. J., & Wang, M. (2020). Review: Fifty years of research on rumen methanogenesis: lessons learned and future challenges for mitigation. Animal, 14, s2–s16. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1751731119003100Eshel, G., & Martin, P. A. (2006). Diet, Energy, and Global Warming. Earth Interactions, 10(9), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1175/EI167.1Eshel, G., Shepon, A., Makov, T., & Milo, R. (2014). Land, irrigation water, greenhouse gas, and reactive nitrogen burdens of meat, eggs, and dairy production in the United States. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(33), 11996–12001. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1402183111Harwatt, H., Sabaté, J., Eshel, G., Soret, S., & Ripple, W. (2017). Substituting beans for beef as a contribution toward US climate change targets. Climatic Change, 143(1–2), 261–270. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10584-017-1969-1Kim, B. F., Santo, R. E., Scatterday, A. P., Fry, J. P., Synk, C. M., Cebron, S. R., Mekonnen, M. M., Hoekstra, A. Y., de Pee, S., Bloem, M. W., Neff, R. A., & Nachman, K. E. (2020). Country-specific dietary shifts to mitigate climate and water crises. Global Environmental Change, 62, 101926. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloenvcha.2019.05.010Poore, J., & Nemecek, T. (2018). Reducing food’s environmental impacts through producers and consumers. Science, 360(6392), 987–992. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aaq0216Rapier, R. (n.d.). Estimating The Carbon Footprint Of Hydrogen Production. 6.Rapier, R. (n.d.). Hydrogen Production With A Low Carbon Footprint. 5.Roque, B. M., Venegas, M., Kinley, R. D., de Nys, R., Duarte, T. L., Yang, X., & Kebreab, E. (2021). Red seaweed (Asparagopsis taxiformis) supplementation reduces enteric methane by over 80 percent in beef steers. PLOS ONE, 16(3), e0247820. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247820Teague, W. R., Apfelbaum, S., Lal, R., Kreuter, U. P., Rowntree, J., Davies, C. A., Conser, R., Rasmussen, M., Hatfield, J., Wang, T., Wang, F., & Byck, P. (2016). The role of ruminants in reducing agriculture’s carbon footprint in North America. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation, 71(2), 156–164. https://doi.org/10.2489/jswc.71.2.156Valente, A., Iribarren, D., & Dufour, J. (2020). Prospective carbon footprint comparison of hydrogen options. Science of The Total Environment, 728, 138212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138212