Grammar Zone | The Second Conditional

In this episode of The A to Z English Podcast, Jack explains the second conditional.Second Conditional: If + past simple, would + base form. (Used for unreal or unlikely situations in the present or future)Example: If I won the lottery, I would travel the world.If I were a superhero, I would be Ironman. If a tiger walked into the room, I would hide under a table. If I were you, I would go to the doctor. Transcript:00:00:01JackWelcome to the ADIZ English podcast. My name is Jack and today I have.00:00:06JackAnother solo episode.00:00:08JackAnd we are in the grammar zone.00:00:13JackAnd today's grammar is.00:00:15JackSomething that is called the 2nd conditional, the 2nd conditional and the 2nd conditional is.00:00:27JackAnother if clause where we start the sentence with. If we say if and then we use the past simple.00:00:36JackAnd then the second clause of this sentence.00:00:40JackWe use wood.00:00:41JackPlus the base form of the verb.00:00:45JackAnd so let me give you an example here.00:00:47발표자OK.00:00:50JackAnd the difference between first conditional and 2nd conditional is the first conditional is a real or possible situation in the future. So the first conditional would be if it rains, I will stay indoors.00:01:08JackAnd we use the if plus the present simple and then will plus the base form.00:01:15JackAnd it's because these are likely or possible situations, but the second conditional is for unlikely or unreal or impossible situations, so things that we can imagine, another word we use in English to describe the 2nd conditional is.00:01:36JackHypothetical situations.00:01:39JackAnd a hypothetical is something that is.00:01:43JackPerhaps it's not physically possible. It's an imaginary situation.00:01:49JackUM or something that's very unlikely to.00:01:52JackHappen. So here's.00:01:53JackAn unlikely one. If I won the lottery.00:01:59JackI would travel the world.00:02:03JackSo everybody knows winning the lottery is.00:02:08JackVery, very unlikely. Even if you have a ticket or even if you have.00:02:14JackA lot of tickets.00:02:16JackIt's very unlikely that you are going to win the lottery, but.00:02:23JackIt's fun to imagine.00:02:25JackWhat you would do?00:02:28JackIf you were to win the lottery so we can make a sentence like this.00:02:33JackIf I won the lottery, I would travel the world.00:02:40JackAnd so notice how instead of saying if I win the lottery.00:02:45JackFor the second conditional, we say if I won the lottery and instead of saying I will travel the world, we say I would travel the world.00:02:57JackAnd here's an impossible one.00:03:00JackAnd I'm going.00:03:01JackTo talk about the grammar in this one a little bit.00:03:04JackAfter I give you the example.00:03:07JackIf I were a superhero.00:03:10JackI would be Iron Man.00:03:13JackNow we all know that superheroes are not real.00:03:17JackThey only exist in comic books and movies and television shows.00:03:24JackWe can imagine.00:03:27JackWhat it would be like to be a superhero.00:03:31JackSo we say if I were a.00:03:33JackSuperhero. I would be Iron Man.00:03:37JackNow I know what you're thinking. You're asking this question, Jack. Why did you say were instead of was?00:03:45JackAnd this is.00:03:48JackBecause it's not technically a simple past, it's what we call the subjunctive mood.00:03:55JackAnd when we're using the subjunctive mood, we don't have to use was. We just use only were. So if I were or if my house were bigger.00:04:09JackI would have more rooms.00:04:13JackIf I were a superhero, I would be Iron Man.00:04:19JackIf I were a color.00:04:21JackI would be the color blue.00:04:24JackRight. We can't be a color.00:04:27JackUM, but we can imagine what color kind of represents our personality.00:04:35JackOK, maybe someone else would say if I wear a color, I would be orange because maybe you're warm and you're a warm and sunny person.00:04:48JackHere's another example of a second conditional sentence that is just very, very, very unlikely.00:04:56JackI'm sitting in my office in my home right now, recording this podcast.00:05:02JackAnd if I.00:05:03JackSaid this sentence, if a tiger walked into the room.00:05:09JackI would hide.00:05:11JackUnder a table.00:05:13JackWhat are the?00:05:14JackOdds that a tiger is going to walk into my room.00:05:21JackIt's very, very, very small. I don't live in a country that has tigers. There are tigers at the zoo.00:05:29JackBut I don't think any of them.00:05:31JackAre wandering around my apartment.00:05:35JackSo it would be very unlikely, but I can imagine the situation right. If a tiger walked into the room, I would hide under the table.00:05:46JackIf I saw a ghost.00:05:49JackI would be scared. OK, most people.00:05:53JackDon't believe in ghosts. They're not real, but.00:05:56JackWe can imagine.00:05:59JackWhat that would be like?00:06:01JackBecause we've seen movies with ghosts and ghosts, and we tell ghost stories to each other.00:06:08JackSo that's the that's the second conditional and we can also use the 2nd conditional to give advice to people.00:06:16JackSo here's an example of of giving advice. If I said to my friend oh.00:06:22JackI don't feel well. I have a cough and.00:06:25JackA sore throat.00:06:28JackMy friend could say.00:06:31JackIf I were you.00:06:33JackI would go to the doctor.00:06:36JackAnd this is a way to give advice using the 2nd conditional, because the sentences if.00:06:42JackI were you.00:06:45JackI can't be you, and you can't be me, we.00:06:48JackCannot change bodies, right?00:06:51JackSo I can only imagine.00:06:53JackIf I were in your situation.00:06:56JackWhat I would do if I were you, I would go to the doctor.00:07:04JackAnd the second conditional, you know it's very useful in these situations where we're imagining.00:07:11JackHypothetical situations.00:07:15JackEither in the future or impossible imaginary.00:07:21JackAnd and then giving some kind of result or or action. You know something that you would do?00:07:29JackIf that condition were actually true, if you were a superhero, which superhero would you be if a tiger walked into the room?00:07:38JackWhat would you do?00:07:42JackIf you are sick.00:07:43JackWhat would you do?00:07:45JackWell, I would go to the doctor.00:07:49JackAnd so that's it. That's the second conditional.00:07:53JackAnd it's different than the first conditional. Like I said, the first conditional is more like real situations. You know, if I see Lisa.00:08:03JackI will tell her to call you.00:08:06JackOK, well I you know, sometimes I see Lisa. Lisa is a student.00:08:11JackAt my school, so if I see her, I will tell her to call you, OK?00:08:18JackUM, that's first conditional.00:08:21JackBut second conditional.00:08:23JackWould be.00:08:25JackYou know things that are imaginary, unreal or hypothetical.00:08:30JackAnd so hopefully this is useful information for you all and.00:08:36JackAs usual, if you want to leave a comment about this grammar, if you have a question or if you would like to make your own sentences, you could comment on our website azenglishpodcast.com.00:08:51JackYou can send us an e-mail at AZ englishpodcast@gmail.com.00:08:57JackYou can join.00:08:58JackOur WhatsApp group, the eight, is the English podcast WhatsApp group. By clicking the link below.00:09:04JackAnd leave some example sentences there. You can also join our WeChat Group and I know a lot of our our Chinese listeners out there are using WeChat, so don't be shy. Join our WeChat Group and send me a message. I will definitely get back to you.00:09:23JackAnd with that.00:09:24JackSaid we will see you next time. Thanks everybody.00:09:30JackBye bye.Podcast Website:https://atozenglishpodcast.com/grammar-zone-the-second-conditional/Social Media:WeChat: atozenglishpodcastFacebook Group: https://www.facebook.com/groups/671098974684413/Tik Tok:@atozenglish1Instagram:@atozenglish22Twitter:@atozenglish22A to Z Facebook Page:https://www.facebook.com/theatozenglishpodcastCheck out our You Tube Channel:https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCds7JR-5dbarBfas4Ve4h8ADonate to the show: https://app.redcircle.com/shows/9472af5c-8580-45e1-b0dd-ff211db08a90/donationsRobin and Jack started a new You Tube channel called English Word Master. 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