Why are the Receiver Bands keep so cold?

As we have stated in our previous episode, ALMA's multiple receiver bands are used to detect signals from the sky. However, these receiver bands must be kept at very cold temperatures to work properly on their purpose. In this episode, Mark Gallilee and Francisco Pino, who work in the cryogenics of ALMA, explain why and how to operate the complex processes by which the receivers of the antennas are kept at extremely low temperatures in the Atacama Desert, the driest of the Earth. Let's deepen our understanding of this revolutionary gateway to the distant parts of the Cosmos in ALMA's Little Universe.